Abstract: Adopting energy-saving and emission reduction technologies for agricultural machinery can help reduce costs in agricultural production, thereby creating more social and economic benefits. Currently, energy-saving and emission reduction technologies for agricultural machinery in China have been widely applied in agricultural production and have been welcomed by a large number of farmers. In view of this, this article combines relevant work experience to introduce several commonly used energy-saving and emission reduction technologies for agricultural machinery maintenance, hoping to promote the promotion of energy-saving and emission reduction technologies for agricultural machinery maintenance.

Keywords: agricultural machinery; maintenance conserve energy ,reduce emissions; Technology

China is a large agricultural country. Currently, driven by technological advancements, the professionalization and mechanization of agricultural machinery in China have been promoted. However, at the same time, the extensive use of agricultural machinery has also increased the cost of maintenance. In this situation, it is necessary to promote energy-saving and emission reduction technologies for agricultural machinery maintenance. Only in this way can we reduce investment in agricultural production and thus obtain more economic income. Below, based on relevant work experience, we will introduce common energy-saving and emission reduction technologies for agricultural machinery maintenance.

1. Standard oil transfer technology

The standard oil quantity transmission technology refers to the use of a step-by-step transmission method, in which the oil pump production enterprise transmits the standard oil quantity of the oil pump to the grassroots maintenance enterprise, thereby completing the maintenance and debugging of the oil pump. The content of this technology includes: the transmission method of standard fuel quantity, the calibration method of standard components, the planning of fuel injection pumps in adjusting industry standard fuel quantity, and the calibration method of fuel injection pump test bench. After adopting standard fuel quantity technology, the fuel quantity of each fuel injector can be saved by 5%. At the same time, the use of fuel injection pumps not only meets the normal operation of diesel engines, but also extends their service life. After Z, the fuel injector was debugged and effectively reduced noise and exhaust emissions, improving its performance in environmental protection.

2. Debugging technology for fuel injection pump and injector

The debugging technology of fuel injection pump and injector refers to the use of reasonable and correct methods to debug and maintain the fuel injection pump and injector in accordance with relevant industry regulations, in order to meet their normal functions. The technical content includes: determining the specific location of oil supply for each cylinder; Check the sealing of the fuel injection pump; Inspect the speed regulator and implement adjustments; Check the operation of the attachments; Check and adjust the pressure of the fuel injector; Debugging of technical conditions and working environment. Use sampling inspection to understand the effectiveness of the above technology applications. Select large tractors as the research object. Under normal circumstances, the particulate emissions generated by large tractors are often 4-5 times higher than national standards. After debugging the fuel injection pump and injector in the tractor diesel engine, their particulate emissions and energy consumption have been significantly reduced. In addition, it has also improved the working performance of agricultural machinery.

3. Diesel engine performance adjustment and optimization technology

This technology refers to the use of advanced instruments and equipment to inspect the technical condition of diesel engines. At the same time, optimize the parameters to address the existing issues and achieve optimal working conditions. The content of diesel engine performance adjustment and optimization technology includes the detection and adjustment of equipment such as valve timing, injection pressure, and valve clearance, and their optimization. Using experimental statistical methods to study the effectiveness of this technology. The results show that after using the above technologies, the power Z of the diesel engine has increased by 15%. The engine failure rate was reduced to 14.6%, maintenance hours were reduced to 24.8%, and maintenance downtime was reduced to 16.8%. At the same time, the cost of maintenance has been greatly reduced. In addition, it also avoids the negative impact of maintenance downtime on normal production.

4. Tractor non disassembly testing and debugging technology

The concept of this technology is to use advanced instruments and equipment to detect the operating status of the tractor without disassembling it. Then, based on the existing problems, implement debugging methods and measures in order to restore the normal function of the tractor and play a role in energy conservation and emission reduction. The content of tractor non disassembly testing and debugging technology is to detect the size of tractor power and fuel consumption. In addition, relevant instruments are used to detect and repair braking, hydraulic and other systems. Select 5700 tractors as samples for testing. After the testing was completed, 2850 machines were debugged. After being debugged, these tractors have been improved in terms of power and efficiency. At the same time, it greatly reduces fuel consumption. It can be seen that good results have been achieved after adopting this technology.

5. Timely replacement technology for lubricating oil

The timely replacement technology of softened oil refers to regularly testing the quality of agricultural machinery lubricating oil. At the same time, according to the oil change standard, purchase high-quality lubricating oil to replace outdated lubricating oil. In addition, according to the usage status of agricultural machinery technology, strengthen the maintenance and upkeep of agricultural machinery. The content of this technology includes the techniques used to detect the viscosity, acidity, water solubility, and other properties of lubricating oil. Usually, when implementing the above technologies, it is required to refer to the replacement standards and cycles, while carefully analyzing the working status of the agricultural machinery. After adopting analytical monitoring technology, the phenomenon of high-quality lubricating oil being wasted during fixed replacement has been reduced. At the same time, it also avoids pollution to the environment. Moreover, by utilizing the aforementioned technologies, lubricating oil with quality issues can be identified before the replacement cycle, enabling timely replacement. In this way, it greatly reduces the damage to agricultural machinery and avoids machine failure problems.

6. Water based cleaning technology

Water based cleaning technology refers to the use of water-based cleaning agents to thoroughly remove dirt from agricultural machinery parts. As a new type of cleaning technology, it has a more environmentally friendly and efficient effect. Water based cleaning agents mix water with surfactants, washing aids, solubilizers, etc. in a certain proportion to thoroughly remove mold spots, dirt, etc. from the surface of parts. The content of this technology includes the configuration of cleaning agents, ultrasonic cleaning, and high-pressure cleaning. Research has shown that using 20 kg of organic solvent for cleaning mechanical parts produces the same effect as using 1 kg of water-based cleaning agent? The effect of production is the same. From a cost perspective, the cost of 1 kg of water-based cleaning agent is only 10% to 20% of that of organic solvents. So, compared with organic cleaning agents, water-based cleaning agent technology not only has good effects, but also has great advantages in terms of cost.

7. Diesel engine exhaust pollutant reduction technology

This technology refers to the purification treatment of diesel engine exhaust by purifying the engine interior and improving the fuel. The technical content includes: using conversion, further purification, and filtration technologies based on the characteristics of different elements in diesel engine exhaust to purify it. In general, the exhaust elements of diesel engines include nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and other particulate matter. Experimental results have shown that installing oxidation conversion instruments on diesel engines can effectively reduce emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and PM in the exhaust. In addition, after installing the filtering instrument, the filtration rate of particles can be increased to 90%. Through the above measures, the pollutants in diesel engine exhaust have been effectively reduced.

8. Adhesive repair and plugging technology

This technology refers to the situation where parts are damaged or joints become disconnected due to temperature, weather, and normal wear and tear during the use of agricultural machinery. The traditional way to deal with the above problems is welding maintenance. At the same time, the use of adhesives can replace the above processes and restore the normal function of the parts. Its technical content includes sealing and plugging of pipe fittings, threads, and joints; Restore the surface dimensions of worn parts; Stick the parts together. Using adhesive method, the operation is simple, convenient, cost-effective, and does not require the use of instruments and equipment. At the same time, the bonding effect is good, avoiding water and oil leakage. Especially when dealing with sand holes on parts, the effect is very good.

9. Reconstruction technology for shaft components

Shaft component reconstruction technology refers to the use of welding and spraying methods to repair damaged parts, thereby restoring their original mechanical function. The technical content includes spraying, surfacing, and brush plating techniques. In addition, it also includes technologies such as inspection, straightening, pre-processing, and remanufacturing of parts. When agricultural machinery is in a harsh working environment, it can cause significant wear and even scrap of critical components. In this situation, it will lead to a waste of resources. After implementing the reconstruction technology, damaged parts can be restored to normal function, which not only reduces maintenance costs but also avoids the impact on normal production.

10. Shell zero reconstruction technology

This technology refers to the use of repair techniques such as cast iron cold welding and mechanical strengthening to repair shell components, restoring their original sealing and functionality. Its technical content includes oxygen acetylene welding, aluminum alloy argon arc welding, adhesive bonding, and mechanical strengthening. At the same time, it also includes the inspection of parts and manufacturing technology. After adopting the above technologies, it is possible to effectively deal with defects in complex parts such as tractor cylinder blocks and heads, thereby improving the service life of machinery and reducing resource waste.

11. Conclusion

Agricultural machinery is an important tool for agricultural production. Currently, in order to improve the production efficiency of crops, it is not only necessary to adopt advanced agricultural machinery and equipment, but also to increase the promotion of energy-saving and emission reduction technologies for agricultural machinery maintenance. Only in this way can we increase production while reducing resource waste, ultimately promoting the long-term and stable development of agricultural production. This article combines relevant experience to introduce several common energy-saving and emission reduction technologies for agricultural machinery maintenance, hoping to be promoted.

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